Social Support in Perinatal Grief and Mothers' Continuing Bonds: A Qualitative Study With Italian Mourners

The grieving process after perinatal loss has unique properties. This qualitative study examines one aspect of the grieving process: continuing bonds experienced by the mothers. We offer an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews with 15 Italian mothers. Three main relevant themes emerged: "continuing bonds between externalized and internalized presence," "a difficult guilt to manage," and "relationships are crucial support systems." The first one illustrates the ongoing connections to the deceased on the part of mothers and siblings, the second one explores a fixation on finding the cause of the death and related feelings of guilt, while the third one describes the mothers' process of elaboration of the event, especially with the support of the husband and the community. The findings highlight unique qualities of continuing bonds after perinatal loss and factors that might influence mother's griefwork, while also suggesting that psychodrama and art therapy could be useful in the management of this kind of loss.