Simultaneous Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol by Modified Montmorillonites

Raw Ca-based montmorillonite (MMT) was treated by H2SO4, calcination and organic compounds (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and chitosan (CTS)), respectively. The modified montmorillonites were characterized by different methods and their adsorption performances for three mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON)) were evaluated at pH = 2.8 and 8.0, respectively. The results indicate that surfactants (CPC and HTAB) intercalation is the most efficient modification, which obviously improves the adsorption performance of montmorillonite for mycotoxins, with adsorption efficiency of above 90% for AFB1 and ZEA whether under acid or alkaline conditions, due to the increase in basal spacing and the improvement of hydrophobicity. Moreover, the adsorption efficiencies of AFB1 and ZEA over CPC-modified montmorillonite (CPC-AMMT-3) coexisting with vitamin B6 or lysine are still at a high level (all above 94%). All modified montmorillonites, however, have low adsorption efficiency for DON, with somewhat spherical molecular geometry.