Geiger-mode APD Camera System for Single Photon 3-D LADAR Imaging

被引:29
|
作者
Entwistle, Mark [1 ]
Itzler, Mark A. [1 ]
Chen, Jim [1 ]
Owens, Mark [1 ]
Patel, Ketan [1 ]
Jiang, Xudong [1 ]
Slomkowski, Krystyna [1 ]
Rangwala, Sabbir [1 ]
机构
[1] Princeton Lightwave Inc, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA
来源
ADVANCED PHOTON COUNTING TECHNIQUES VI | 2012年 / 8375卷
关键词
avalanche photodiodes; Geiger mode; single photon camera; photon counting; LADAR; 3-D imaging; focal plane arrays; InGaAsP; AVALANCHE; DIODES;
D O I
10.1117/12.921004
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
The unparalleled sensitivity of 3D LADAR imaging sensors based on single photon detection provides substantial benefits for imaging at long stand-off distances and minimizing laser pulse energy requirements. To obtain 3D LADAR images with single photon sensitivity, we have demonstrated focal plane arrays (FPAs) based on InGaAsP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GmAPDs) optimized for use at either 1.06 mu m or 1.55 mu m. These state-of-the-art FPAs exhibit excellent pixel-level performance and the capability for 100% pixel yield on a 32 x 32 format. To realize the full potential of these FPAs, we have recently developed an integrated camera system providing turnkey operation based on FPGA control. This system implementation enables the extremely high frame-rate capability of the GmAPD FPA, and frame rates in excess of 250 kHz (for 0.4 mu s range gates) can be accommodated using an industry-standard CameraLink interface in full configuration. Real-time data streaming for continuous acquisition of 2 mu s range gate point cloud data with 13-bit time-stamp resolution at 186 kHz frame rates has been established using multiple solid-state storage drives. Range gate durations spanning 4 ns to 10 mu s provide broad operational flexibility. The camera also provides real-time signal processing in the form of multi-frame gray-scale contrast images and single-frame time-stamp histograms, and automated bias control has been implemented to maintain a constant photon detection efficiency in the presence of ambient temperature changes. A comprehensive graphical user interface has been developed to provide complete camera control using a simple serial command set, and this command set supports highly flexible end-user customization.
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页数:12
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