Plasma LH, FSH, testosterone, and age at puberty in ram lambs actively immunized against an inhibin α-subunit peptide

Active immunization against inhibin has been shown to advance puberty and increase ovulation rate in ewe lambs; but in ram lambs, effects on puberty and sperm production are equivocal. The objective of the present study was to determine whether active immunization against an inhibin alpha-subunit peptide advances the onset of puberty in ram lambs. St. Croix hair sheep ram lambs were assigned to inhibin-immunized (n = 7) and control (it = 8) treatment groups. Lambs in the inhibin-immunized group were immunized against a synthetic peptide-carrier protein conjugate, alpha-(1-25)-human alpha-globulin (halpha-G), and control lambs were immunized against halpha-G. Lambs were immunized at 3, 7, 13, 19, 25, 3 1, and 37 weeks of age. On the day of immunization a blood sample was collected and lambs were weighed. Another blood sample was collected 1 week following each immunization. At 20 weeks of age additional blood samples were collected at 20 min intervals for 8 h. Beginning at 20 weeks of age and at weekly intervals thereafter, scrotal circumference (SC) was measured and semen was collected using electroejaculation. A subsequent ejaculate was collected I week following onset of puberty, which was defined as the week of age when an ejaculate first contained greater than or equal to50 x 10(6) sperm cells. In control lambs, plasma alpha-(1-25)-antibody (Ab) was nondetectable. In inhibin-immunized lambs, alpha-(1-25)-Ab titer increased from 7 to 25 weeks of age and then plateaued at a level that varied (P < 0.001) among animals. Body weight and SC of control and inhibin-immunized lambs were similar at the onset of puberty. At pubertal onset inhibin-immunized lambs were older than control lambs (31.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 29.5 +/- 0.7 weeks of age, P < 0.05). Plasma FSH concentrations were similar in control and inhibin-immunized lambs from 3 to 38 weeks of age. Plasma LH levels were lower (P < 0.01) in inhibin-immunized than control lambs. During the 8-h blood sampling period at 20 weeks of age, LH and testosterone concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in inhibin-immunized than control ram lambs, and the LH pulse frequency was similar in the two groups of animals. The decreased LH secretion is consistent with the immunoneutralization of a putative inhibin alpha-subunit-related peptide that stimulates LH secretion in ram lambs. Present findings show that active immunization against an inhibin alpha-peptide delays rather than advances puberty in ram lambs. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.