Spatial Distribution of Land Surface Temperatures in Kuwait: Urban Heat and Cool Islands

被引:51
作者
Alahmad, Barrak [1 ,2 ]
Tomasso, Linda Powers [1 ]
Al-Hemoud, Ali [3 ]
James, Peter [1 ,4 ,5 ]
Koutrakis, Petros [1 ]
机构
[1] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Kuwait Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Hlth Dept, Kuwait 24923, Kuwait
[3] Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Environm & Life Sci Res Ctr, Kuwait 24885, Kuwait
[4] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA
关键词
urban heat island; urban cool island; Kuwait; land surface temperature; MODIS; Google earth engine; climate change; DESERT; WATER; VALIDATION; STRATEGIES; MORTALITY; INVERSION; TORONTO; PHOENIX; IMPACT; CITIES;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph17092993
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The global rise of urbanization has led to the formation of surface urban heat islands and surface urban cool islands. Urban heat islands have been shown to increase thermal discomfort, which increases heat stress and heat-related diseases. In Kuwait, a hyper-arid desert climate, most of the population lives in urban and suburban areas. In this study, we characterized the spatial distribution of land surface temperatures and investigated the presence of urban heat and cool effects in Kuwait. We used historical Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra satellite 8-day composite land surface temperature (LST) from 2001 to 2017. We calculated the average LSTs of the urban/suburban governorates and compared them to the average LSTs of the rural and barren lands. We repeated the analysis for daytime and nighttime LST. During the day, the temperature difference (urban/suburban minus versus governorates) was -1.1 degrees C (95% CI; -1.2, -1.00, p < 0.001) indicating a daytime urban cool island. At night, the temperature difference (urban/suburban versus rural governorates) became 3.6 degrees C (95% CI; 3.5, 3.7, p < 0.001) indicating a nighttime urban heat island. In light of rising temperatures in Kuwait, this work can inform climate change adaptation efforts in the country including urban planning policies, but also has the potential to improve temperature exposure assessment for future population health studies.
引用
收藏
页数:12
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