Sleep, chronotype, and sleep hygiene in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and controls

被引:100
作者
van der Heijden, K. B. [1 ,2 ]
Stoffelsen, R. J. [3 ]
Popma, A. [3 ,4 ]
Swaab, H. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Leiden Univ, Dept Clin Child & Adolescent Studies, Wassenaarseweg 52,Box 9555, NL-2300 RB Leiden, Netherlands
[2] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Brain & Cognit, Leiden, Netherlands
[3] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Med Ctr De Bascule, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[4] Leiden Univ, Inst Criminal Law & Criminol, Leiden, Netherlands
关键词
ADHD; Autism spectrum disorder; Sleep; Chronotype; Children; Sleep hygiene; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; BEHAVIORAL-PROBLEMS; ONSET INSOMNIA; TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT; ADULT ADHD; ASSOCIATION; DISTURBANCES; MELATONIN; PATTERNS;
D O I
10.1007/s00787-017-1025-8
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Sleep problems are highly prevalent in ADHD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Better insight in the etiology is of clinical importance since intervention and prevention strategies of sleep problems are directed at underlying mechanisms. We evaluated the association of sleep problems and sleep patterns with sleep hygiene (behavioral/environmental practices that influence sleep quality, e.g. caffeine use), access to electronic media, chronotype, and anxiety/depression in children aged 6-12 years with ADHD, ASD, or typical development (TD) using parental questionnaires. ANOVA and linear regression analyses were adjusted for age and sex. Children with ADHD and ASD showed more sleep problems (63.6 and 64.7%, vs 25.1% in TD) and shorter sleep duration than controls, while differences between ADHD and ASD were not significant. Sleep hygiene was worse in ADHD and ASD compared to TD, however, the association of worse sleep hygiene with more sleep problems was only significant in ASD and TD. There was a significant association of access to electronic media with sleep problems only in typically developing controls. Chronotype did not differ significantly between groups, but evening types were associated with sleep problems in ADHD and TD. Associations of greater anxiety/depression with more sleep problems were shown in ADHD and TD; however, anxiety/depression did not moderate the effects of chronotype and sleep hygiene. We conclude that sleep problems are highly prevalent in ADHD and ASD, but are differentially related to chronotype and sleep hygiene. In ASD, sleep problems are related to inadequate sleep hygiene and in ADHD to evening chronotype, while in TD both factors are important. Clinical implications are discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:99 / 111
页数:13
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