Load balancing and relaying framework in TDD W-CDMA multi-hop cellular networks

In 3G cellular networks, high data-rates can be achieved. However, fundamental capacity limitation still exists. Call requests are frequently blocked in hotspot areas. Load balancing among cells helps to solve this problem and to utilize the radio resources. However, existing load balancing schemes are not designed specifically for 3G networks. Some schemes are not flexible enough or even practical for such networks. In this paper, we propose a novel load balancing and relaying framework for 3G TDD W-CDMA multi-hop cellular networks. This framework consists of a load balancing scheme called ALBA, a routing scheme called ACAR and a slot assignment scheme called E-DSSA. Our framework provides a realistic integrated load balancing solution for these networks. Simulation results show that this framework reduces the call blocking ratios of hotspot areas, balances load among cells and increases system throughput with low packet delay.