Direct Determination of Energy Level Alignment and Charge Transport at Metal-Alq3 Interfaces via Ballistic-Electron-Emission Spectroscopy

被引：32

作者：

Jiang, J. S. ^{[1
]}

Pearson, J. E. ^{[1
]}

Bader, S. D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS | 2011年 / 106卷 / 15期

关键词：

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; DIODES; METAL; SPIN; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; SPINTRONICS; MICROSCOPY; INJECTION; FILMS;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.156807

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

Using ballistic-electron-emission spectroscopy (BEES), we directly determined the energy barrier for electron injection at clean interfaces of Alq(3) with Al and Fe to be 2.1 and 2.2 eV, respectively. We quantitatively modeled the sub-barrier BEES spectra with an accumulated space charge layer, and found that the transport of nonballistic electrons is consistent with random hopping over the injection barrier.

引用

收藏

页数：4

相关论文

共 28 条

[1] STM-excited electroluminescence and spectroscopy on organic materials for display applications [J].

Alvarado, SF ;

Rossi, L ;

Müller, P ;

Seidler, PF ;

Riess, W .

IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 2001, 45 (01) :89-100

[2] Charge injection into light-emitting diodes: Theory and experiment [J].

Arkhipov, VI ;

Emelianova, EV ;

Tak, YH ;

Bassler, H .

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 1998, 84 (02) :848-856

[3] Degradation mechanism of small molecule-based organic light-emitting devices [J].

Aziz, H ;

Popovic, ZD ;

Hu, NX ;

Hor, AM ;

Xu, G .

SCIENCE, 1999, 283 (5409) :1900-1902

[4] Interface-limited injection in amorphous organic semiconductors [J].

Baldo, MA ;

Forrest, SR .

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 2001, 64 (08)

[5] OBSERVATION OF INTERFACE BAND-STRUCTURE BY BALLISTIC-ELECTRON-EMISSION MICROSCOPY [J].

BELL, LD ;

KAISER, WJ .

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 1988, 61 (20) :2368-2371

[6] Device physics of organic light-emitting diodes based on molecular materials [J].

Bruetting, Wolfgang ;

Berleb, Stefan ;

Mueckl, Anton G. .

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS, 2001, 2 (01) :1-36

[7] Relationship between electroluminescence and current transport in organic heterojunction light-emitting devices [J].

Burrows, PE ;

Shen, Z ;

Bulovic, V ;

McCarty, DM ;

Forrest, SR ;

Cronin, JA ;

Thompson, ME .

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 1996, 79 (10) :7991-8006

[8] The path to ubiquitous and low-cost organic electronic appliances on plastic [J].

Forrest, SR .

NATURE, 2004, 428 (6986) :911-918

[9] Charge-separation energy in films of π-conjugated organic molecules [J].

Hill, IG ;

Kahn, A ;

Soos, ZG ;

Pascal, RA .

CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS, 2000, 327 (3-4) :181-188

[10]

Ishii H, 1999, ADV MATER, V11, P605, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199906)11:8<605::AID-ADMA605>3.0.CO