Nitrate and nitrite in Australian leafy vegetables

被引:37
|
作者
Parks, S. E. [1 ]
Huett, D. O. [1 ]
Campbell, L. C. [2 ]
Spohr, L. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Gosford Hort Inst, NSW Dept Primary Ind, Gosford, NSW 2250, Australia
[2] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
来源
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH | 2008年 / 59卷 / 07期
关键词
nitrates; shading; Beta vulgaris; lettuce; Asian vegetables;
D O I
10.1071/AR07198
中图分类号
S [农业科学];
学科分类号
09 ;
摘要
A market survey of Australian leafy vegetables and a winter and spring experiment with Swiss chard were conducted to examine nitrate and nitrite levels in leaves. The relationship between growth response to nitrogen (N) supply and light level and accumulation of N in leaves was of particular interest. The survey that included 7 types of lettuce and endive (Asteraceae), 6 leafy Asian vegetables (Brassicaceae), and Swiss chard and spinach (Amaranthaceae) showed that fresh leafy vegetables available during a 6-month period on the Australian market can range in nitrate-N from 12 to 1400 mg/kg fresh weight and nitrite-N from 0 to 37.5 mg/kg. Some samples exceeded the limits for nitrate and nitrite based on international food safety standards. The response of Swiss chard to N supply and light was investigated. The accumulation of nitrate in Swiss chard was primarily influenced by increasing N supply and not by light level. Light conditions for all treatments in both the winter and spring experiments exceeded the critical level (similar to 200 mmol/m(2). s) required to increase leaf nitrate. Growth and leaf nitrate concentration were higher for spring, associated with average minimum to maximum temperatures of 18-39 degrees C, compared with 14-28 degrees C for winter. Treatment effects on nitrite-N in Swiss chard could not be determined because nitrite was only detected in one-third of plants. The importance of N supply in affecting nitrate accumulation in vegetables is highlighted by the Swiss chard experiments. It confirmed that nitrate accumulation occurs at optimal to supra-optimal nitrate supply, emphasising for growers the undesirable effect of excessive fertiliser use.
引用
收藏
页码:632 / 638
页数:7
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