Longitudinal predictability of sexual perceptions on subsequent behavioural intentions among Bahamian preadolescents

Objectives: To assess the relationship of baseline behavioural intentions and sexual perceptions with subsequent intentions regarding sexual initiation and condom use in Bahamian preadolescents. Method: Longitudinal data were obtained at baseline and 8 months later from 424 sexually inexperienced Bahamian youth aged 9-12 years, who served as 'controls' in a HIV risk-reduction intervention study. Sexual perceptions were measured based on a social cognitive model, protection motivation theory. Results: Baseline intention to have sex was a strong predictor of follow-up intention to engage in sex for boys, but was not a predictor for girls. Baseline condom use intention was not related to subsequent intention to use condoms for either mate or female youth. Perceptions of girls, compared with boys, were less endorsing of sexual initiation. Some protection motivation theory constructs regarding sexual perceptions were predictive of subsequent behavioural intentions. Among boys, low perceived self-efficacy to avoid sexual intercourse and positive feelings about having sex predicted their intention to have sex. Among girls, perceived peer sexual behaviour and a limited understanding of the adverse consequences of sexual intercourse were predictors of their subsequent intention to initiate sex. Perceived self-efficacy to use condoms and response efficacy of condom use were significant predictors of condom use intention for both boys and girls. Conclusions: These results suggest that prevention intervention efforts should target predictive perceptions and consider sex differences in sexual perceptions.