Potentiometric Sensors Based on Fluorous Membranes Doped with Highly Selective Ionophores for Carbonate

被引:64
作者
Chen, Li D. [1 ]
Mandal, Debaprasad [2 ]
Pozzi, Gianluca [3 ]
Gladysz, John A. [2 ]
Buehlmann, Philippe [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[2] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA
[3] CNR, Ist Sci Tecnol Mol, I-20133 Milan, Italy
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
COMPLEX-FORMATION CONSTANTS; TRIFLUOROACETOPHENONE DERIVATIVES; NEUTRAL IONOPHORES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; BULK OPTODES; ION; ELECTRODES; CHLORIDE; DIOXIDE; PH;
D O I
10.1021/ja207680e
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Manganese(III) complexes of three fluorophilic salen derivatives were used to prepare ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) with ionophore-doped fluorous sensing membranes. Because of their extremely low polarity and polarizability, fluorous media are not only chemically very inert but also solvate potentially interfering ions poorly, resulting in a much improved discrimination of such ions. Indeed, the new ISEs exhibited selectivities for CO32- that exceed those of previously reported ISEs based on nonfluorous membranes by several orders of magnitude. In particular, the interference from chloride and salicylate was reduced by 2 and 6 orders of magnitude, respectively. To achieve this, the selectivities of these ISEs were fine-tuned by addition of noncoordinating hydrophobic ions (i.e., ionic sites) into the sensing membranes. Stability constants of the anion-ionophore complexes were determined from the dependence of the potentiometric selectivities on the charge sign of the ionic sites and the molar ratio of ionic sites and the ionophore. For this purpose, a previously introduced fluorophilic tetraphenylborate and a novel fluorophilic cation with a bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium group, (R-f6(CH2)3)(3)PN+P(R-f6(CH2)(3))(3), were utilized (where R-f6 is C6F13). The optimum CO32- selectivities were found for sensing membranes composed of anionic sites and ionophore in a 1:4 molar ratio, which results in the formation of 2:1 complexes with CO32- with stability constants up to 4.1 x 10(15). As predicted by established theory, the site-to-ionophore ratios that provide optimum potentiometric selectivity depend on the stoichiometries of the complexes of both the primary and the interfering ions. However, the ionophores used in this study give examples of charges and stoichiometries previously neither explicitly predicted by theory nor shown by experiment. The exceptional selectivity of fluorous membranes doped with these carbonate ionophores suggests their use not only for potentiometric sensing but also for other types of sensors, such as the selective separation of carbonate from other anions and the sequestration of carbon dioxide.
引用
收藏
页码:20869 / 20877
页数:9
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