Role of Dietary Lipids in Modulating Inflammation through the Gut Microbiota

被引:51
作者
Wisniewski, Paul J.
Dowden, Robert A.
Campbell, Sara C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Inst Food Nutr & Hlth, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
来源
NUTRIENTS | 2019年 / 11卷 / 01期
关键词
microbiota; lipids; dybiosis; gut; LPS; obesity; gut permeability; HIGH-FAT DIET; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; OUTER-MEMBRANE VESICLES; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM; BILE-ACIDS; EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE;
D O I
10.3390/nu11010117
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Inflammation and its resolution is a tenuous balance that is under constant contest. Though several regulatory mechanisms are employed to maintain homeostasis, disruptions in the regulation of inflammation can lead to detrimental effects for the host. Of note, the gut and microbial dysbiosis are implicated in the pathology of systemic chronic low-grade inflammation which has been linked to several metabolic diseases. What remains to be described is the extent to which dietary fat and concomitant changes in the gut microbiota contribute to, or arise from, the onset of metabolic disorders. The present review will highlight the role of microorganisms in host energy regulation and several mechanisms that contribute to inflammatory pathways. This review will also discuss the immunomodulatory effects of the endocannabinoid system and its link with the gut microbiota. Finally, a brief discussion arguing for improved taxonomic resolution (at the species and strain level) is needed to deepen our current knowledge of the microbiota and host inflammatory state.
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页数:30
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