Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography

被引：82

作者：

Rabe, Benjamin ^{[1
]}

Heuze, Celine ^{[24
]}

Regnery, Julia ^{[1
]}

Aksenov, Yevgeny ^{[3
]}

Allerholt, Jacob ^{[1
]}

Athanase, Marylou ^{[1
]}

Bai, Youcheng ^{[4
,5
]}

Basque, Chris ^{[6
]}

Bauch, Dorothea ^{[7
]}

Baumann, Till M. ^{[8
,9
]}

Chen, Dake ^{[10
,11
,12
]}

Cole, Sylvia T. ^{[6
]}

Craw, Lisa ^{[13
]}

Davies, Andrew ^{[6
]}

Damm, Ellen ^{[14
]}

Dethloff, Klaus ^{[14
]}

Divine, Dmitry, V ^{[15
]}

Doglioni, Francesca ^{[1
]}

Ebert, Falk ^{[16
]}

Fang, Ying-Chih ^{[1
,17
]}

Fer, Ilker ^{[8
,9
]}

Fong, Allison A. ^{[1
]}

Gradinger, Rolf ^{[18
]}

Granskog, Mats A. ^{[15
]}

Graupner, Rainer ^{[1
]}

Haas, Christian ^{[1
,19
]}

He, Hailun ^{[4
,10
]}

He, Yan ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Hoppmann, Mario ^{[1
]}

Janout, Markus ^{[1
]}

Kadko, David ^{[23
]}

Kanzow, Torsten ^{[1
,19
]}

Karam, Salar ^{[2
]}

Kawaguchi, Yusuke ^{[24
]}

Koenig, Zoe ^{[8
,9
,15
]}

Kong, Bin ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Krishfield, Richard A. ^{[6
]}

Krumpen, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Kuhlmey, David ^{[1
]}

Kuznetsov, Ivan ^{[1
]}

Lan, Musheng ^{[25
]}

Laukert, Georgi ^{[6
,26
,27
]}

Lei, Ruibo ^{[25
]}

Li, Tao ^{[28
,29
]}

Lin, Lina ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Lin, Long ^{[4
,10
]}

Liu, Hailong ^{[12
]}

Liu, Na ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Loose, Brice ^{[30
]}

Ma, Xiaobing ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

机构：

[1] Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany

[2] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden

[3] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Marine Syst Modelling, Southampton, Hants, England

[4] Minist Nat Resources, Inst Oceanog SIO 2, Hangzhou, Peoples R China

[5] Minist Nat Resources, Inst Oceanog 2, Key Lab Marine Ecosyst Dynam, Hangzhou, Peoples R China

[6] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

[7] Univ Kiel CAU, Leibniz Lab, Kiel, Germany

[8] Univ Bergen, Geophys Inst, Bergen, Norway

[9] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway

[10] Minist Nat Resources, State Key Lab Satellite Ocean Environm Dynam, Inst Oceanog 2, Hangzhou, Peoples R China

[11] Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab, Zhuhai, Peoples R China

[12] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Oceanog, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[13] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[14] Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Alfred Wegener Inst, Potsdam, Germany

[15] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Tromso, Norway

[16] Herder Gymnasium, Berlin, Germany

[17] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[18] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Tromso, Norway

[19] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, Bremen, Germany

[20] Minist Nat Resources, Key Lab Marine Sci & Numer Modeling, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao, Peoples R China

[21] Pilot Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Reg Oceanog & Numer Modeling, Qingdao, Peoples R China

[22] Shandong Key Lab Marine Sci & Numer Modeling, Qingdao, Peoples R China

[23] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA

[24] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Chiba, Japan

[25] Polar Res Inst China, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[26] Dalhousie Univ, Ocean Frontier Inst, Halifax, NS, Canada

[27] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, Kiel, Germany

[28] Ocean Univ China, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Qingdao, Peoples R China

[29] Pilot Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China

[30] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA

[31] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Polar Observat & Modelling, London, England

[32] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA

[33] Leibniz Inst Ostseeforsch Warnemunde, Rostock, Germany

[34] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA

[35] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Potsdam, Germany

[36] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA

[37] NOAA, Phys Sci Lab, Boulder, CO USA

[38] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg, Russia

[39] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Pob 450, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA

[40] Univ Bremen, MARUM, Bremen, Germany

[41] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou, Peoples R China

[42] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing, Peoples R China

[43] Univ Leipzig, Leipzig Inst Meteorol, Leipzig, Germany

来源：

ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE | 2022年 / 10卷 / 01期

基金：

英国自然环境研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会; 日本学术振兴会; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

Physical oceanography; MOSAiC; Arctic; Coupled; Drift; Sea ice; RADIOGENIC NEODYMIUM ISOTOPES; ARCTIC-OCEAN; SEA-ICE; FRESH-WATER; EURASIAN BASIN; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; METHANE EMISSIONS; INTERNAL WAVES; HEAT-FLUX; CIRCULATION;

D O I：

10.1525/elementa.2021.00062

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional and global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), a drift with the Arctic sea ice from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the program to characterize the Arctic Ocean system in unprecedented detail, from the seafloor to the air-sea ice-ocean interface, from sub-mesoscales to pan-Arctic. The oceanographic measurements were coordinated with the other teams to explore the ocean physics and linkages to the climate and ecosystem. This paper introduces the major components of the physical oceanography program and complements the other team overviews of the MOSAiC observational program. Team OCEAN's sampling strategy was designed around hydrographic ship-, ice- and autonomous platform-based measurements to improve the understanding of regional circulation and mixing processes. Measurements were carried out both routinely, with a regular schedule, and in response to storms or opening leads. Here we present along-drift time series of hydrographic properties, allowing insights into the seasonal and regional evolution of the water column from winter in the Laptev Sea to early summer in Fram Strait: freshening of the surface, deepening of the mixed layer, increase in temperature and salinity of the Atlantic Water. We also highlight the presence of Canada Basin deep water intrusions and a surface meltwater layer in leads. MOSAiC most likely was the most comprehensive program ever conducted over the ice-covered Arctic Ocean. While data analysis and interpretation are ongoing, the acquired datasets will support a wide range of physical oceanography and multi-disciplinary research. They will provide a significant foundation for assessing and advancing modeling capabilities in the Arctic Ocean.

引用

页数：31

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