Peroxidase Activity of Human Hemoproteins: Keeping the Fire under Control

被引:96
|
作者
Vlasova, Irina I. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Fed Res & Clin Ctr Phys Chem Med, Dept Biophys, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
[2] Sechenov Univ, Lab Nav Redox Lipid, Inst Regenerat Med, 8-2 Trubetskaya St, Moscow 119991, Russia
来源
MOLECULES | 2018年 / 23卷 / 10期
基金
俄罗斯基础研究基金会;
关键词
peroxidase activity; halogenating activity; reduction potential; myeloperoxidase; hemoglobin; Cyt c/cardiolipin complexes; cytoglobin; MYELOPEROXIDASE-DERIVED OXIDANTS; PROTEIN CROSS-LINKING; CYTOCHROME-C; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; EOSINOPHIL PEROXIDASE; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; CHLORINATING ACTIVITY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY;
D O I
10.3390/molecules23102561
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The heme in the active center of peroxidases reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form highly reactive intermediates, which then oxidize simple substances called peroxidase substrates. Human peroxidases can be divided into two groups: (1) True peroxidases are enzymes whose main function is to generate free radicals in the peroxidase cycle and (pseudo) hypohalous acids in the halogenation cycle. The major true peroxidases are myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase and lactoperoxidase. (2) Pseudo-peroxidases perform various important functions in the body, but under the influence of external conditions they can display peroxidase-like activity. As oxidative intermediates, these peroxidases produce not only active heme compounds, but also protein-based tyrosyl radicals. Hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochrome c/cardiolipin complexes and cytoglobin are considered as pseudo-peroxidases. Peroxidases play an important role in innate immunity and in a number of physiologically important processes like apoptosis and cell signaling. Unfavorable excessive peroxidase activity is implicated in oxidative damage of cells and tissues, thereby initiating the variety of human diseases. Hence, regulation of peroxidase activity is of considerable importance. Since peroxidases differ in structure, properties and location, the mechanisms controlling peroxidase activity and the biological effects of peroxidase products are specific for each hemoprotein. This review summarizes the knowledge about the properties, activities, regulations and biological effects of true and pseudo-peroxidases in order to better understand the mechanisms underlying beneficial and adverse effects of this class of enzymes.
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页数:27
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