Sense of Effort and Fatigue Associated With Talking After Total Laryngectomy

Purpose: Sense of effort and fatigue associated with talking was compared in individuals with and without a total laryngectomy. Method: An online survey of individuals using tracheo-esophageal speech (TES; n = 222), electrolaryngeal speech (ELS; n = 132), esophageal speech (n = 41), and laryngeal speech (LS; n = 112) asked about 3 domains of effort when talking: frequency of occurrence, withdrawal from talking, and location in the body. Three aspects of fatigue were explored: frequency of occurrence, fatigue type, and duration of talking before fatigue. Results: Alaryngeal groups reported significantly more talking-related effort and fatigue than the LS group. Sixty-three percent of all respondents indicated that effort caused them to talk less, with no group differences on this item. Significantly more effort was localized to the lips and tongue by ELS compared with TES and LS groups. Both the ELS and TES groups had higher shoulder/arm effort when talking compared with the esophageal speech and LS groups. ELS respondents reported less fatigue than the TES group. When fatigue was present, the TES group had more physical and less mental fatigue than the ELS group. The duration of talking before experiencing fatigue was significantly shorter for the alaryngeal groups compared with the LS group. Conclusions: Effort and fatigue associated with talking are a common report for individuals using alaryngeal speech. The location of effort within the body and the type of fatigue experienced vary to some extent across alaryngeal speaking methods.