Two-Zone Model for Predicting the Trajectory of Liquid Jet in Gaseous Crossflow

A hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian approach was used to develop a model for predicting the penetration of a liquid jet in a subsonic gaseous crossflow. This was achieved by taking into account the effect of all forces acting on the jet, including drag, gravitation, and surface tension, as well as the mass shedding from the liquid column. The effect of mass shedding from the liquid column and jet Reynolds number on the spray penetration height was also studied. It was found that, although the momentum flux ratio q plays a predominant role in the prediction of a liquid jet column, the liquid jet penetration can be affected when changing the ambient temperature and pressure (or gas to liquid density and viscosity ratio), especially when holding constant q and jet velocity v(j). Two correlations were developed in the form of sinusoidal-exponential and logarithmic function for the prediction of liquid column and droplets' plume regions, respectively. The proposed correlations are capable of predicting jet penetration of different liquids in a subsonic crossflow at different operating conditions and injection angles. The predictions showed reasonable agreement with published experimental data and empirical correlations.