The numerical simulation of a bird-impact on an aircraft windshield by using the SPH method

This paper is focused on the development of an effective numerical method to simulate bird-impact aircraft windshield events. A new Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) which has been incorporated as a solver option into the explicit finite element program PAM-CRASH was used to model the bird. The deformation between the numerical results and the experimental results is in good agreement. Simulation results of a bird-impact process indicated that the SPH bird model is more Suitable to model the break-up of the bird into particles. Failure of the windshield in the experiment was simulated, and the good agreement between the numerical and experiment indicates that the failure model established in the present paper is reasonable. Finally, the energy changes of the bird and the windshield were calculated.