The Naked Chip: No trade secret or hardware trojan can hide from ptychographic X-ray laminography

When You're Baking a cake, it's hard to know when the inside is in the state you want it to be. The same is true-with much higher stakes-for microelectronic chips: How can engineers confirm that what's inside has truly met the intent of the designers? How can a semiconductor design company tell whether its intellectual property was stolen? Much more worrisome, how can anyone be sure a kill switch or some other hardware trojan hasn't been secretly inserted?