Global Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Malaria: An Epidemiological Paradox in the Early Stage of A Pandemic

被引:57
作者
Napoli, Pietro Emanuele [1 ]
Nioi, Matteo [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cagliari, Dept Surg Sci, Eye Clin, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy
[2] Univ Cagliari, Dept Clin Sci & Publ Hlth, Forens Med Unit, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy
关键词
COVID-19; coronavirus disease; malaria; antimalarials; ACE-2; receptor; epidemiological paradox; DRUG;
D O I
10.3390/jcm9041138
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
In the current work, we discovered and analyzed the epidemiological paradox between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and malaria in the initial phase of the ongoing pandemic. From the analysis of distribution data, the endemic presence of malaria seems to protect some populations from COVID-19 outbreak, particularly in the least developed countries. In this sense, molecular and genetic variations associated with malaria (e.g., in ACE2) might play a protective role against coronavirus infection. Moreover, the mechanism of action of some antimalarial drugs, e.g., the antiviral function, suggests their potential role in the chemoprophylaxis of coronavirus epidemics, despite possible adverse effects (e.g., retinal toxicity). All these data provide important insights to understand the spreading mechanisms of COVID-19, and to direct scientific research toward the study of some currently available medications.
引用
收藏
页数:6
相关论文
共 20 条
[1]   Targeting endosomal acidification by chloroquine analogs as a promising strategy for the treatment of emerging viral diseases [J].
Al-Bari, Md Abdul Alim .
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES, 2017, 5 (01)
[2]   Climate factors and incidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus [J].
Altamimi, Asmaa ;
Ahmed, Anwar E. .
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 2020, 13 (05) :704-708
[3]  
[Anonymous], 2020, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is it transmitted?
[4]   Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan [J].
Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo ;
Kok, Kin-Hang ;
Zhu, Zheng ;
Chu, Hin ;
To, Kelvin Kai-Wang ;
Yuan, Shuofeng ;
Yuen, Kwok-Yung .
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS, 2020, 9 (01) :221-236
[5]   A systematic review on the ef ficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 [J].
Cortegiani, Andrea ;
Ingoglia, Giulia ;
Ippolito, Mariachiara ;
Giarratano, Antonino ;
Einav, Sharon .
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, 2020, 57 :279-283
[6]   The Use of Antimalarial Drugs against Viral Infection [J].
D'Alessandro, Sarah ;
Scaccabarozzi, Diletta ;
Signorini, Lucia ;
Perego, Federica ;
Ilboudo, Denise P. ;
Ferrante, Pasquale ;
Delbue, Serena .
MICROORGANISMS, 2020, 8 (01)
[7]   Genetic polymorphisms linked to susceptibility to malaria [J].
Driss, Adel ;
Hibbert, Jacqueline M. ;
Wilson, Nana O. ;
Iqbal, Shareen A. ;
Adamkiewicz, Thomas V. ;
Stiles, Jonathan K. .
MALARIA JOURNAL, 2011, 10
[8]   Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Current Therapeutic Options and Potential Targets for Novel Therapies [J].
Dyall J. ;
Gross R. ;
Kindrachuk J. ;
Johnson R.F. ;
Olinger G.G., Jr. ;
Hensley L.E. ;
Frieman M.B. ;
Jahrling P.B. .
Drugs, 2017, 77 (18) :1935-1966
[9]   Note from the editors: World Health Organization declares novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) sixth public health emergency of international concern [J].
Eurosurveillance Editorial Team .
EUROSURVEILLANCE, 2020, 25 (05) :2-3
[10]   Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study [J].
Gilbert, Marius ;
Pullano, Giulia ;
Pinotti, Francesco ;
Valdano, Eugenio ;
Poletto, Chiara ;
Boelle, Pierre-Yves ;
D'Ortenzio, Eric ;
Yazdanpanah, Yazdan ;
Eholie, Serge Paul ;
Altmann, Mathias ;
Gutierrez, Bernardo ;
Kraemer, Moritz U. G. ;
Colizza, Vittoria .
LANCET, 2020, 395 (10227) :871-877