Polylactide/cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites: Efficient routes for nanofiber modification and effects of nanofiber chemistry on PLA reinforcement

被引：150

作者：

Spinella, Stephen ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Lo Re, Giada ^{[3
]}

Liu, Bo ^{[4
]}

Dorgan, John ^{[4
,5
]}

Habibi, Youssef ^{[3
]}

Leclere, Philippe ^{[6
]}

Raquez, Jean-Marie ^{[3
]}

Dubois, Philippe ^{[3
]}

Gross, Richard A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Biol & Chem, Troy, NY 12180 USA

[2] NYU, Polytech Sch Engn, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA

[3] UMONS Univ Mons, Ctr Innovat & Rech Mat Polymeres, Serv Mat Polymeres & Composites, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

[4] PolyNew Inc, Golden, CO 80401 USA

[5] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA

[6] UMONS, Ctr Innovat & Rech Mat Polymeres, Serv Mat Nouveaux, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

来源：

POLYMER | 2015年 / 65卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Polylactide; Cellulose nanocrystals; Nanocomposites; CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS; POLY(LACTIC ACID); BIONANOCOMPOSITES; NANOWHISKERS; DISPERSION; WHISKERS; SURFACE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.048

中图分类号：

O63 [高分子化学（高聚物）];

学科分类号：

070305 ; 080501 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

To improve the Heat Deflection Temperature of polylactide (PLA), nanocomposites were prepared with modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by melt blending. The preparation of acetate and lactate modified CNCs (AA- and LA-CNCs) was performed by a green one-pot dual acid (organic acid and HCl) method such that acid hydrolysis and Fischer Esterification occur in tandem. The degree of substitution for AA-CNCs and LA-CNCs, determined by FTIR, are 0.12 and 0.13, respectively. Relative to unmodified CNCs, esterification of CNC surfaces with lactate and acetate moieties resulted in a 40 degrees C increase in thermal stability. At 5 wt% loading of CNCs, LA-CNCs gave superior reinforcement below and above the glass temperature of PLA, corresponding to a 31% and 450% increase in PLA's storage modulus compared to neat PLA. An increase in PLA's heat deflection temperature by 10 degrees C and 20 degrees C was achieved by melt-blending PLA with 5 and 20% LA-CNCs, respectively. The above studies provide indirect evidence that LA-CNCs were best dispersed (lowest tendency to aggregate) in the PLA matrix. This hypothesis was confirmed through direct visualization using AFM. Thus, a simple modification strategy for CNCs was devised that enables the formation of PLA nanocomposites with high extents of nanofiber dispersion within the matrix. Furthermore, the dispersion of CNCs in PLA matrices is profoundly influenced by relatively small changes in the modification chemistry, in this case, appending lactate vs. acetate groups. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：9 / 17

页数：9

共 53 条

[51] Thermal degradation behaviors of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with sulfate groups [J].