Palliative medicine and advanced incurable illness

Advanced incurable and life-threatening diseases of internal organs such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, and terminal kidney failure are associated with considerable burden for the patients caused by pronounced symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, anxiety, depression) and unmet psychosocial needs. Nevertheless, in Germany addressing palliative medicine in the context of these disorders and co-treatment of these patients by cross-sector partnership with specialized palliative care physicians are not very developed. Against the background of an international perspective and current guidelines, general aspects of palliative care needs (symptom control, communication, advance care planning, etc.) are discussed together with the resultant implications for potential cooperation between internal medicine and palliative care as well as special aspects of the individual diseases (e.g., prognosis or implications of certain treatment options such as "automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator", AICD). Timely involvement of the specific expertise of palliative care medicine can ensure that the workload of the primary providers (and their teams) is reduced and better cross-sector management (hospital and home) of the severely ill patients and their families is achieved.