Bacterial meningitis: insights into pathogenesis and evaluation of new treatment options: a perspective from experimental studies

被引:30
作者
Liechti, Fabian D. [1 ]
Grandgirard, Denis [1 ]
Leib, Stephen L. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bern, Inst Infect Dis, Neuroinfect Lab, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
[2] Swiss Fed Off Civil Protect, Div Biol, Spiez Lab, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
animal model; bacterial meningitis; brain injury; dentate gyrus; neurogenesis; neuroinfection; neuroinflammation; Streptococcus pneumoniae; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; NONBACTERIOLYTIC ANTIBIOTIC DAPTOMYCIN; EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; AGGRAVATES HIPPOCAMPAL APOPTOSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS MENINGITIS; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; DENTATE GYRUS;
D O I
10.2217/fmb.15.43
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Bacterial meningitis is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Bacterial components induce an overshooting inflammatory reaction, eventually leading to brain damage. Pathological correlates of neurofunctional deficits include cortical necrosis, damage of the inner ear and hippocampal apoptosis. The hippocampal dentate gyrus is important for memory acquisition and harbors a neuronal stem cell niche, thus being potentially well equipped for regeneration. Adjuvant therapies aimed at decreasing the inflammatory reaction, for example, dexamethasone, and those protecting the brain from injury have been evaluated in animal models of the disease. They include nonbacteriolytic antibiotics (e.g., daptomycin), metalloproteinase inhibitors and modulators of the immunological response, for example, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Increasing research interest has recently been focused on interventions aimed at supporting regenerative processes.
引用
收藏
页码:1195 / 1213
页数:19
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