Sex, gender and the pulmonary physiology of exercise

被引:51
作者
Dominelli, Paolo B. [1 ]
Molgat-Seon, Yannick [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Waterloo, Dept Kinesiol, Waterloo, ON, Canada
[2] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Hlth, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
[3] St Pauls Hosp, Ctr Heart & Lung Innovat, Providence Hlth Care Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada
关键词
EXPIRATORY FLOW LIMITATION; INDUCED ARTERIAL HYPOXEMIA; RESPIRATORY MUSCLE WORK; LUNG DIFFUSING-CAPACITY; INDUCED DIAPHRAGMATIC FATIGUE; GAS-EXCHANGE; OXYGEN COST; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; CARDIOVASCULAR CONSEQUENCES; VENTILATORY LIMITATION;
D O I
10.1183/16000617.0074-2021
中图分类号
R56 [呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
In this review, we detail how the pulmonary system's response to exercise is impacted by both sex and gender in healthy humans across the lifespan. First, the rationale for why sex and gender differences should be considered is explored, and then anatomical differences are highlighted, namely that females typically have smaller lungs and airways than males. Thereafter, we describe how these anatomical differences can impact functional aspects such as respiratory muscle energetics and activation, mechanical ventilatory constraints, diaphragm fatigue, and pulmonary gas exchange in healthy adults and children. Finally, we detail how gender can impact the pulmonary response to exercise.
引用
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页数:14
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