Free basic water - a sustainable instrument for a sustainable future in South Africa

被引:49
作者
Muller, Mike [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Witwatersrand, Grad Sch Publ & Dev Management, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa
关键词
conservation; environment; policy; sanitation; South Africa; subsidy; water supply;
D O I
10.1177/0956247808089149
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The South African government's policy decision in 2001 to provide a basic amount of water free of charge to all citizens has been controversial. Traditional policy advice was that all water should be paid for, even if some costs were subsidized. A review of the implementation of the new policy suggests that the flexible approach adopted ensured wide applicability although it has been criticized for defects of both exclusion and inclusion. However, it has helped not only to achieve social equity but also has supported the broader objectives of conservation and environmental sustainability. The political legitimacy conferred by the approach has enabled water supply organizations to recover their costs and achieve the economic objective of financial sustainability. South Africa's experience with free basic water thus demonstrates that addressing social and environmental dimensions together with economic dimensions can lead to more effective and sustainable policy.
引用
收藏
页码:67 / 87
页数:21
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