Chloroplast-derived vaccines against human diseases: achievements, challenges and scopes

被引:88
作者
Loessl, Andreas G. [1 ]
Waheed, Mohammad T. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci BOKU, Dept Appl Plant Sci & Plant Biotechnol DAPP, Vienna, Austria
关键词
chloroplast; adjuvant; pleiotropic effects; inducible expression; cost-effective vaccines; human infectious diseases; RABIES VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; TOXIN-B-SUBUNIT; CHOLERA-TOXIN; TRANSGENIC CHLOROPLASTS; TRANSPLASTOMIC TOBACCO; FUSION PROTEIN; PHARMACEUTICAL PROTEINS;
D O I
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00615.x
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
P>Infectious diseases represent a continuously growing menace that has severe impact on health of the people worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. Therefore, novel prevention and treatment strategies are urgently needed to reduce the rate of these diseases in humans. For this reason, different options can be considered for the production of affordable vaccines. Plants have been proved as an alternative expression system for various compounds of biological importance. Particularly, plastid genetic engineering can be potentially used as a tool for cost-effective vaccine production. Antigenic proteins from different viruses and bacteria have been expressed in plastids. Initial immunological studies of chloroplast-derived vaccines have yielded promising results in animal models. However, because of certain limitations, these vaccines face many challenges on production and application level. Adaptations to the novel approaches are needed, which comprise codon usage and choice of proven expression cassettes for the optimal yield of expressed proteins, use of inducible systems, marker gene removal, selection of specific antigens with high immunogenicity and development of tissue culture systems for edible crops to prove the concept of low-cost edible vaccines. As various aspects of plant-based vaccines have been discussed in recent reviews, here we will focus on certain aspects of chloroplast transformation related to vaccine production against human diseases.
引用
收藏
页码:527 / 539
页数:13
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