Existing Policies/Guidelines on the Environmental Dimension of Antimicrobial Resistance in India: An Insight into the Key Facets through Review and SWOT Analysis

被引：3

作者：

Debnath, Falguni ^{[1
]}

Chakraborty, Debjit ^{[1
]}

Giri, Sandip ^{[1
]}

Saha, Shatabdi ^{[1
]}

Pyne, Soume ^{[1
]}

Chakraverty, Raja ^{[1
]}

Majumdar, Agniva ^{[1
]}

Deb, Alok Kumar ^{[1
]}

Diwan, Vishal ^{[2
]}

Bhatia, Rajesh ^{[3
]}

Dutta, Shanta ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Indian Council Med Res ICMR, Kolkata 700010, India

[2] Natl Inst Res Environm Hlth, Indian Council Med Res ICMR, Bhopal 462030, India

[3] Food & Agr Org, Antimicrobial Resistance AMR Expert, New Delhi 110003, India

来源：

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE | 2022年 / 7卷 / 11期

关键词：

antimicrobial resistance; environment; policy; guidelines; legislations; SWOT analysis;

D O I：

10.3390/tropicalmed7110336

中图分类号：

R51 [传染病];

学科分类号：

100401 ;

摘要：

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a multidimensional phenomenon. The environment acts as a mixing pot of drug-resistant bacteria from many sources such as pharmaceutical, biomedical, veterinary, and agricultural sectors. In this study, we analysed the existing AMR-related policies/guidelines/legislations in India in the above domains and how the current practices are being guided by them. Methods: We used a convergent parallel mix method design. Quantitative data were collected through a review of policies/guidelines/legislations in the said domains and analysed using the SWOT tool parallelly supported by key informant interviews of domain-specific stakeholders. Results: Altogether, 19 existing AMR policies/guidelines/legislations were identified. The existence of few policies/guidelines in each domain indicated the evolving environment for policy interventions. However, the lack of capacity among farmers, inadequate provision for structured capacity building, high cost of alternatives to antimicrobials, and lack of provision of incentivisation in case of crop failure were identified as the major weaknesses prevalent across the domains. Opportunities for policy refinements/the introduction of new policies are ample. However, easy access to antimicrobials and injudicious use imposes threats to AMR containment in all sectors. Conclusions: Despite having a few policies for the containment of AMR, their implementation witnesses challenge due to the lack of collaborative approaches, the existence of policies disjointed from ground reality, infrastructural issues, and the lack of capacity and resources.

引用

页数：15