Not playing by the rules: Unusual patterns in the epidemiology of parasites in a natural population of feral horses (Equus caballus) on Sable Island, Canada

被引：14

作者：

Jenkins, Emily ^{[1
]}

Backwell, Amber-Lynn ^{[1
]}

Bellaw, Jennifer ^{[2
]}

Colpitts, Julie ^{[3
]}

Liboiron, Alice ^{[1
]}

McRuer, David ^{[4
]}

Medill, Sarah ^{[4
]}

Parker, Sarah ^{[1
]}

Shury, Todd ^{[1
,4
]}

Smith, Martha ^{[1
]}

Tschritter, Christina ^{[3
]}

Wagner, Brent ^{[1
]}

Poissant, Jocelyn ^{[5
]}

McLoughlin, Philip ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada

[2] Univ Kentucky, MH Gluck Equine Res Ctr, 1400 Nicholasville Rd, Lexington, KY 40546 USA

[3] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, 112 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada

[4] Govt Canada, Pk Canada Agcy, 30 Victoria Stree4, Gatineau, PQ J8X 0B3, Canada

[5] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, 3280 Hosp Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada

来源：

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE | 2020年 / 11卷

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

Prevalence; Intensity; Ascarid; Large strongyle; Lungworm; Feral horse; ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE; BODY CONDITION; INFECTION; ENDOPARASITES; PREVALENCE; STRONGYLES; DIVERSITY; HELMINTHS; KENTUCKY; LARVAE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.02.002

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada hosts one of few natural populations of feral horses (Equus caballus) never exposed to anthelmintics. Coproculture revealed cyathostomes, Strongylus equinus, S. edentatus, and S. vulgaris, with S. equinus (unusually) dominating in adult horses and cyathostomes dominating in young horses (< 3 years of age). We examined 35 horses found dead in the springs of 2017 and 2018, as well as fecal samples from live horses in spring (n = 45) and summer 2018 (n = 236) using McMaster fecal flotation and Baermann larval sedimentation on fresh samples, and modified Wisconsin flotation and sucrose gradient immunofluorescent assay for Giardia and Cryptosporidium on frozen samples. Mean strongyle fecal egg counts were 666 eggs per gram (EPG) in dead horses, 689 EPG in live horses in spring, and 1105 EPG in summer; domestic horses are usually treated at counts exceeding 200 EPG. Adult horses (unusually) had patent infections with the lungworm Dictyocaulus arnfieldi and ascarids (Parascaris spp.), and in spring, dead horses had 5 times higher odds of having patent ascarid infections than live horses, likely due to malnutrition and corresponding immunodeficiency. Fecal prevalence and intensity of D. arnfieldi and Parascaris spp. were significantly higher in young horses, and in spring versus summer. A higher proportion of fecal samples were positive for strongyle and ascarid eggs using a centrifugal flotation technique on previously frozen feces, as compared to a passive flotation method on fresh feces. Eggs of the tapeworm Paranoplocephala mamillana were present in fecal samples from 28% of live, and 42% of dead, horses in spring. This research represents several new geographic records (S. edentatus, D. arnfieldi, and Eimeria leuckarti), provides insight into unusual patterns of parasite epidemiology in a nutrition-limited environment, and has conservation and biosecurity implications for this unique equine population, as well as for parasite management in domestic horses.

引用

页码：183 / 190

页数：8