Topology modulation of 2D covalent organic frameworks via a "two-in-one" strategy

Topology modulation of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) still remains barely explored, probably due to the lack of appropriate building blocks. A "two-in-one" strategy applies bifunctional monomers to endow ideal stoichiometry and has recently demonstrated great potential in the facile preparation of highly crystalline two-dimensional (2D) COFs with different topologies. Herein, we employ this approach to modulate the topology of 2D COFs by varying the solvents or the monomer concentrations. To our delight, 2D COFs featuring a Kagome (kgm) lattice with both hexagonal and triangular dual pores (DP) or featuring a rhombic square (sql) single pore (SP) structure can be selectively formed by varying the solvents. Furthermore, adjusting the monomer concentrations also successfully tuned the topology of the COFs. In addition, the highly porous dual-pore COF showed potential applications for controlled drug delivery.