Raman Fingerprints of Graphene Produced by Anodic Electrochemical Exfoliation

被引：67

作者：

Nagyte, Vaiva ^{[1
]}

Kelly, Daniel J. ^{[2
]}

Felten, Alexandre ^{[3
]}

Picardi, Gennaro ^{[1
]}

Shin, YuYoung ^{[1
]}

Alieva, Adriana ^{[1
]}

Worsley, Robyn E. ^{[1
]}

Parvez, Khaled ^{[1
]}

Dehm, Simone ^{[4
]}

Krupke, Ralph ^{[4
,5
]}

Haigh, Sarah J. ^{[2
]}

Oikonomou, Antonios ^{[6
,7
]}

Pollard, Andrew J. ^{[8
]}

Casiraghi, Cinzia ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Manchester, Dept Chem, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[2] Univ Manchester, Dept Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[3] Univ Namur, Synth Irradiat & Anal Mat SIAM, B-5000 Namur, Belgium

[4] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

[5] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Mat & Earth Sci, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany

[6] Univ Manchester, Natl Graphene Inst, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[7] Inst Photon Sci, Castelldefels 08860, Spain

[8] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England

来源：

NANO LETTERS | 2020年 / 20卷 / 05期

基金：

欧洲研究理事会; 英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

graphene; Raman spectroscopy; electrochemical exfoliation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Atomic force microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy; LIQUID-PHASE EXFOLIATION; GRAPHITE; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYACETYLENE; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; FLAKES;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00332

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Electrochemical exfoliation is one of the most promising methods for scalable production of graphene. However, limited understanding of its Raman spectrum as well as lack of measurement standards for graphene strongly limit its industrial applications. In this work, we show a systematic study of the Raman spectrum of electrochemically exfoliated graphene, produced using different electrolytes and types of solvents in varying amounts. We demonstrate that no information on the thickness can be extracted from the shape of the 2D peak as this type of graphene is defective. Furthermore, the number of defects and the uniformity of the samples strongly depend on the experimental conditions, including postprocessing. Under specific conditions, the formation of short conductive trans-polyacetylene chains has been observed. Our Raman analysis provides guidance for the community on how to get information on defects coming from electrolyte, temperature, and other experimental conditions, by making Raman spectroscopy a powerful metrology tool.

引用

页码：3411 / 3419

页数：9