Research Process of Transformation Optics Based on Metasurface

Metasurface is a two-dimensional metamaterial with subwavelength thickness, which can effectively regulate the near-field radiation of electromagnetic waves. Transformation optics supplies a theoretical method to control the propagation of an electromagnetic wave by changing the electromagnetic parameters of an artificial material. In particular, the general relativity phenomena in curved spacetime can be emulated via the transformation optics concept. We introduce the experimental work on the analogy of gravity by exploiting a metasurface waveguidc, and simulate the cosmic string as a one-dimensional topological defect generated during the early inflation of the universe, as well as the definite photonic deflection in the nontrivial space of cosmic string. Furthermore, by including the material loss, the symmetry breaking of photonic modes can be used to mimic the phase transition of the Higgs vacuum field. This paper summarizes the research status and combines the current research basis to analyze the research prospects and development trends of metasurface.