Reducing greenhouse gas emissions of Amazon hydropower with strategic dam planning

被引：151

作者：

Almeida, Rafael M. ^{[1
]}

Shi, Qinru ^{[2
]}

Gomes-Selman, Jonathan M. ^{[3
]}

Wu, Xiaojian ^{[2
,13
]}

Xue, Yexiang ^{[2
,14
]}

Angarita, Hector ^{[4
]}

Barros, Nathan ^{[5
]}

Forsberg, Bruce R. ^{[6
]}

Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt ^{[1
]}

Hamilton, Stephen K. ^{[7
,8
,9
]}

Melack, John M. ^{[10
]}

Montoya, Mariana ^{[11
]}

Perez, Guillaume ^{[2
]}

Sethi, Suresh A. ^{[12
]}

Gomes, Carla P. ^{[2
]}

Flecker, Alexander S. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[2] Cornell Univ, Inst Computat Sustainabil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[3] Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA

[4] Stockholm Environm Inst Latin Amer, Bogota 110231, Colombia

[5] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Biol, BR-36036900 Juiz De Fora, Brazil

[6] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, BR-69060001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[7] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA

[8] Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA

[9] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA

[10] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[11] Wildlife Conservat Soc Peru, Lima 15048, Peru

[12] Cornell Univ, USGS New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[13] Microsoft AI & Res, Sunnyvale, CA USA

[14] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2019年 / 10卷 / 1期

关键词：

HYDROELECTRIC RESERVOIRS; METHANE EMISSIONS; CARBON-EMISSION; RIVER; BIODIVERSITY; REMOVAL; BASIN;

D O I：

10.1038/s41467-019-12179-5

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Hundreds of dams have been proposed throughout the Amazon basin, one of the world's largest untapped hydropower frontiers. While hydropower is a potentially clean source of renewable energy, some projects produce high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit electricity generated (carbon intensity). Here we show how carbon intensities of proposed Amazon upland dams (median = 39 kg CO(2)eqMWh(-1), 100-year horizon) are often comparable with solar and wind energy, whereas some lowland dams (median = 133 kg CO(2)eq MWh(-1)) may exceed carbon intensities of fossil-fuel power plants. Based on 158 existing and 351 proposed dams, we present a multi-objective optimization framework showing that low-carbon expansion of Amazon hydropower relies on strategic planning, which is generally linked to placing dams in higher elevations and smaller streams. Ultimately, basin-scale dam planning that considers GHG emissions along with social and ecological externalities will be decisive for sustainable energy development where new hydropower is contemplated.

引用

页数：9

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