Brazilian biofuels and social exclusion: established and concentrated ethanol versus emerging and dispersed biodiesel

被引：72

作者：

Hall, Jeremy ^{[2
]}

Matos, Stelvia ^{[1
]}

Severino, Liv ^{[3
]}

Beltrao, Napoleao ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Simon Fraser Univ, CPROST, Vancouver, BC V6B 5K3, Canada

[2] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Business Adm, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada

[3] Brazilian Agr Res Corp, EMBRAPA, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

来源：

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION | 2009年 / 17卷

关键词：

Brazilian biofuel policy; International trade; Social exclusion; TECHNOLOGY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.01.003

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Increasing interest in biofuels trade between developed and developing countries has spurred worldwide discussions on issues such as subsidies and the 'food for fuel' crisis. One issue missing in recent discourse is the pressure exerted on developing countries to adopt large-scale mechanized farming practices to increase economic efficiencies. Such approaches often exclude small-scale farmers from participating in the emerging biofuels market, thus exacerbating poverty and social exclusion. Drawing on both qualitative and technical data, we discuss such pressures using Brazilian ethanol and biodiesel production. Pressure from international markets to become more economically efficient may contribute towards the erosion of recent schemes to encourage social benefits for small farmers in biodiesel production. We conclude with trade and policy implications. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：S77 / S85

页数：9

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