Biodiversity of pesticides degrading microbial communities and their environmental impact

A number of hazardous pesticides (pure substances or mixtures of chemicals) are being used by the farmers in agricultural fields to control undesired microbes during production, harvesting and storage of food stuff. These potent chemicals are jeopardizing not only the crop fertility and productivity but affecting human health, directly or indirectly. As far as in the interest of people, such hazardous chemicals are gaining access to get inside the food chain indirectly leading to adversely affecting individual's health with passage of time. The microbial resources in consortia or alone are able to degrade them upto considerable extent and converting them less hazardous. The field workers especially the farmers, whose health status is most compromised due chronic exposure of such hazardous chemicals leading to various chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension etc. which farmers may not aware of until they have been tested for it. There are different groups of microbes including the members of phylum Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Bacteroidetes, Basidiomycota, Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were found to be best sources for degradation of diverse groups of pesticide (Carbamate, Organochlorine, Organophosphate and Pyrethroids). Among different groups of microbes, Arthrobacter, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Chiamydomonas, Methylobacterium, Nocardioides, Nostoc, Phanerochaete, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium, Sphingomonas and Trichoderma were isolated and characterised for the degradation of different pesticides. The role of microbes, in the remediation and degradation of chemical pesticides are elaborated into this compilation with the recent insights.