Metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Is insulin resistance the link?

被引:225
作者
Asrih, Mohamed [1 ]
Jornayvaz, Francois R. [1 ]
机构
[1] CHU Vaudois, Serv Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
关键词
Metabolic syndrome; NAFLD; Insulin resistance; Ectopic lipids; Inflammation; GROWTH-FACTOR; 21; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; INDUCED HEPATIC STEATOSIS; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; KINASE-C-EPSILON; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; VISCERAL FAT;
D O I
10.1016/j.mce.2015.02.018
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disease composed of different risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes or dyslipidemia. The prevalence of this syndrome is increasing worldwide in parallel with the rise in obesity. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most frequent chronic liver disease in western countries, affecting more than 30% of the general population. NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver manifestations ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis, which may ultimately progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is accumulating evidence supporting an association between NAFLD and MetS. Indeed, NAFLD is recognized as the liver manifestation of MetS. Insulin resistance is increasingly recognized as a key factor linking MetS and NAFLD. Insulin resistance is associated with excessive fat accumulation in ectopic tissues, such as the liver, and increased circulating free fatty acids, which can further promote inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This in turn aggravates and maintains the insulin resistant state, constituting a vicious cycle. Importantly, evidence shows that most of the patients developing NAFLD present at least one of the MetS traits. This review will define MetS and NAFLD, provide an overview of the common pathophysiological mechanisms linking MetS and NAFLD, and give a perspective regarding treatment of these ever growing metabolic diseases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:55 / 65
页数:11
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