Adaptive Quadrilateral Setting for Distance Protection of Feeder Connecting Renewable Energy

Penetration of Renewable Energy Resources Integration are increasing day by day to cope with load demand with conventional generators and to mitigate degradation of nonrenewable resources. The integration of these plants increases power reliability as well as permits challenges to the protection of the Power System. The fault characteristics of the converter-interfaced Renewable Energy Plant (REP) have conflict than conventional generators, the fault contribution is intermittent in nature, so the existing relay may fail to operate. And the REP's can be contributing the power demand in the duration of availability of sources of renewable energy, remaining time these plants turn out as load for maintenance servers, lighting and etc. Therefore, the relay located behind REP has to adaptable according to plant nature, to improve reliability and operation of grid integrated with renewable resources. Adaptive algorithms for Distance relay connected REP in the forward direction are scrutinized. The proposed Adaptive quadrilateral setting of the relay is to identify the fault direction and reverse the quadrilateral setting into third quadrant of the RX-plane if the fault occurs backside of the relay and provides the coordination with other relays which are protecting other feeders from the same bus. The problem statement captured and proposed method for distance relay verified, on IEEE-39 bus system and real-time Kerala transmission system integrated with Solar PV generation in PSCAD/EMTDC.