Lactic acid bacteria inhibit the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the invasion of Caco-2 cells

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide resulting from the consumption of raw seafood. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) influence the health of human intestine by enhancing immune system function and acting as antibacterial agents. In this study, 7 LAB (PM12, PM14, PM63, PM212, PM222, BCRC14735, and BCRC17010) were found to adhere to the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells as well as to inhibit the growth of V parahaemolyticus. The viability of Caco-2 cells infected with V parahaemolyticus was tested by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Our results indicated that PM12, PM14, PM63, PM212, BCRC14735 and BCRC17010 inhibited V parahaemolyticus BCRC10806 and BCRC12865. While, PM222 could exhibit the maximum comparative adherence ability to Caco-2 cells. The LDH assay results revealed that 5 LAB (PM12, PM14, PM63, PM212, and PM222) significantly decreased the cytotoxicity induced by the V parahaemolyticus BCRC10806 and BCRC12865 after 2 h of incubation. In the competition assay, the prevention group demonstrated inhibitory effects against two V parahaemolyticus. Besides, we noted that these 7 LAB inhibited the invasion of V parahaemolyticus into the Caco-2 cells.