Self-organized criticality: Does it have anything to do with criticality and is it useful?

被引:27
作者
Turcotte, DL [1 ]
机构
[1] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
D O I
10.5194/npg-8-193-2001
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Three aspects of complexity are fractals, chaos, and self-organized criticality. There are many examples of the applicability of fractals in solid-earth geophysics, such as earthquakes and landforms. Chaos is widely accepted as being applicable to a variety of geophysical phenomena, for instance, tectonics and mantle convection. Several simple cellular-automata models have been said to exhibit self-organized criticality. Examples include the sandpile, forest fire and slider-blocks models. It is believed that these are directly applicable to landslides, actual forest fires, and earthquakes, respectively. The slider-block model has been shown to clearly exhibit deterministic chaos and fractal behaviour. The concept of self-similar cascades can explain self-organized critical behaviour. This approach also illustrates the similarities and differences with critical phenomena through association with the site-percolation and diffusion-limited aggregation models.
引用
收藏
页码:193 / 196
页数:4
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