Genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes-CYP1A1, CYP2D6, GSTM1, and GSTT1, and gastric carcinoma susceptibility

Genetic polymorphisms in metabolic enzymes are associated with numerous cancers. In this study, the relationships between genetic polymorphisms of phase I metabolic enzymes including cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP2D6 and phase II metabolic enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and GSTT1 and gastric carcinoma susceptibility were investigated. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of 129 healthy controls and 123 gastric carcinoma patients from Han ethnic group of Hunan Province located in Central South China. The genetic polymorphisms of the above mentioned enzymes were analyzed using PCR-RFLP techniques. There was no significant difference among the frequencies of CYP1A1 and/or CYP2D6 gene's wild type, heterozygous or homozygous mutations between the gastric carcinoma group and control group. But the differences among the frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype between the gastric carcinoma and control group were significant (both P < 0.05). Also there were significant differences in the frequencies of GSTM1 null in high/high-middle differentiated, middle differentiated, middle-low differentiated and low differentiated gastric tumor separately. GSTM1 null showed an increased risk in middle-low differentiated and low differentiated gastric carcinoma type, but GSTT1 null was not a risk factor for the four pathological types of gastric carcinoma mentioned above. We report here that the genotypes of CYP1A1 and CYP2D6 are not associated with gastric carcinoma risk; GSTM1 null, but not GSTT1 null inheritably increases risk of some pathological types of gastric carcinoma in Han ethnic population of Hunan Province.