Influences of achieved SBP on age and sex-related left ventricular structural alteration in community hypertensive populations

Objective: To evaluate age and sex-related left ventricular (LV) structural alteration in community hypertensive populations, and to explore whether achieved systolic blood pressure (SBP) (< 120, < 130 and <140 mmHg) would modify the association between age and sex with LV structural alteration. Method: A total of 1419 community hypertensive people (mean age 61 years, women 50.5%) without cardiovascular disease and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) at baseline were included. LV structural measures were assessed using transthoracic echocardiography at baseline and at follow-up. Age and sex-related LV structural alteration was evaluated using linear and Cox regression analysis as appropriate. Results: Per 10 years increase in age was associated with positive alteration of LV mass (LVM) index (coefficient-beta: 2.63) and LV mass-to-volume (LVMV) ratio (coefficient-beta: 0.04). Female sex was associated with positive alteration of LVM index (coefficient-beta: 4.87) and LVMV ratio (coefficient-beta: 0.05). After a median follow-up of 4years, compared to men, women had a higher rate of LVH (36.8% vs. 11.5%, P < 0.001). The association between age and incident LVH was nonsignificant when achieved SBP Conclusion: Age and female sex were associated with a phenotype of LV remodeling which was featured by increased LVM index and concentric remodeling. Women had a higher risk of developing LVH. A lower achieved SBP conferred greater effects on mitigating age and sex-related LV structural alteration.