Effect of Thermocycling on the Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements Used for Luting CAD/CAM Ceramics to Human Dentin

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of thermocycling on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive, self-etching resin cements luted to human dentin and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramics. Three modern self-adhesive dental cements (Maxcem Elite, RelyX U200, Panavia SA) were used to lute three CAD/CAM ceramics (IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max ZirCAD) onto the dentin. One conventional cement (Panavia V5) served as a control. After preparation, the samples were subjected to thermocycling as a method of artificial aging of dental materials applied to simulate long-term use in oral conditions. Shear bond strength was evaluated according to PN-EN ISO 29022:2013-10 and failure modes were observed under a light microscope. Statistical analysis was performed. The study demonstrated that a combination of ceramics and cements directly impacts the bond strength. The highest bond strength was observed in Panavia V5, lower in Panavia SA and Maxcem Elite and the lowest-in RelyX U200. Adhesive failure between human dentin and cements was the most common failure mode. Moreover, thermocycling highly decreased bond strength of self-adhesive, self-etching cements.