HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan

被引:32
作者
Sallam, Malik [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Alabbadi, Ali M. [4 ]
Abdel-Razeq, Sarah [4 ]
Battah, Kareem [4 ]
Malkawi, Leen [4 ]
Al-Abbadi, Mousa A. [1 ,2 ]
Mahafzah, Azmi [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Jordan, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Forens Med, Amman 11942, Jordan
[2] Jordan Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Labs & Forens Med, Amman 11942, Jordan
[3] Lund Univ, Fac Med, Dept Translat Med, S-22184 Malmo, Sweden
[4] Univ Jordan, Sch Med, Amman 11942, Jordan
关键词
discrimination; HIV-related stigma; HIV; AIDS; college students; HIV knowledge; education; Middle East; MENA; prejudice; medical education; MIDDLE-EAST; NORTH-AFRICA; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; DENTAL STUDENTS; EPIDEMIC; DISCRIMINATION; POPULATION; UNIVERSITY; SANAA;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph19020745
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The stigmatizing attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be a major barrier to effective patient care. As future physicians, medical students represent a core group that should be targeted with focused knowledge and adequate training to provide patient care without prejudice. The aim of the current study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, and the stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA, among medical students in Jordan. The current study was based on a self-administered online questionnaire, which was distributed during March-May 2021, involving students at the six medical schools in Jordan, with items assessing demographics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, and HIV/AIDS stigmatizing attitude, which was evaluated using the validated HIV-stigma scale. The total number of respondents was 1362, with predominance of females (n = 780, 57.3%). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the study participants was notable for the following items: HIV transmission through breastfeeding (40.8% correct responses), HIV is not transmitted through saliva (42.6% correct responses), and vertical transmission of HIV can be prevented (48.8% correct responses). Approximately two-thirds of the respondents displayed a positive attitude towards PLWHA. For six out of the 14 HIV/AIDS knowledge items, lack of knowledge was significantly correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. Multinomial regression analysis showed that a significantly more negative attitude towards PLWHA was found among the pre-clinical students compared to the clinical students (odds ratio (OR): 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-0.97, p = 0.036); and that affiliation to medical schools that were founded before 2000 was associated with a more positive attitude towards PLWHA compared to affiliation to recently founded medical schools in the country (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.42-2.42, p < 0.001). About one-third of medical students who participated in the study displayed a negative attitude towards PLWHA. Defects in HIV/AIDS knowledge were detected for aspects involving HIV transmission and prevention, and such defects were correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. It is recommended to revise the current medical training curricula, and to tailor improvements in the overall HIV/AIDS knowledge, which can be reflected in a more positive attitude towards PLWHA, particularly for the recently established medical schools in the country.
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页数:15
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