Performance evaluation of dedicated brain PET scanner with motion correction system

Objective Various motion correction (MC) algorithms for positron emission tomography (PET) have been proposed to accelerate the diagnostic performance and research in brain activity and neurology. We have incorporated MC system-based optical motion tracking into the brain-dedicated time-of-flight PET scanner. In this study, we evaluate the performance characteristics of the developed PET scanner when performing MC in accordance with the standards and guidelines for the brain PET scanner. Methods We evaluate the spatial resolution, scatter fraction, count rate characteristics, sensitivity, and image quality of PET images. The MC evaluation is measured in terms of the spatial resolution and image quality that affect movement. Results In the basic performance evaluation, the average spatial resolution by iterative reconstruction was 2.2 mm at 10 mm offset position. The measured peak noise equivalent count rate was 38.0 kcps at 16.7 kBq/mL. The scatter fraction and system sensitivity were 43.9% and 22.4 cps/(Bq/mL), respectively. The image contrast recovery was between 43.2% (10 mm sphere) and 72.0% (37 mm sphere). In the MC performance evaluation, the average spatial resolution was 2.7 mm at 10 mm offset position, when the phantom stage with the point source translates to +/- 15 mm along the y-axis. The image contrast recovery was between 34.2 % (10 mm sphere) and 66.8 % (37 mm sphere). Conclusions The reconstructed images using MC were restored to their nearly identical state as those at rest. Therefore, it is concluded that this scanner can observe more natural brain activity.