Attentional and motivational deficits in rats withdrawn from intravenous self-administration of cocaine or heroin

被引:100
作者
Dalley, JW [1 ]
Lääne, K [1 ]
Pena, Y [1 ]
Theobald, DEH [1 ]
Everitt, BJ [1 ]
Robbins, TW [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Expt Psychol, MRC, Ctr Behav & Clin Neurosci, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England
基金
英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
cognitive sequelae; drug addiction; visual attention; five-choice serial reaction time task; impulsivity; psychostimulants; opiates;
D O I
10.1007/s00213-005-0107-3
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Rationale: Identifying the long-term neurocognitive sequelae of drug addiction may have important implications for understanding the compulsive, chronically relapsing nature of this brain disorder. Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the consequences of chronic intravenous self-administration of cocaine or heroin on visual attentional processes in rats. Methods: Adult male rats were pretrained on a five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) of sustained visual attention and impulsivity and later trained to self-administer cocaine or heroin intravenously during multiple 'long-access' self-administration cycles. Control rats had identical training and surgical experience, but received passive infusions of saline during self-administration sessions. Executive cognitive processes of selection and inhibitory response control were evaluated 24 h after drug discontinuation and for a further 6 days prior to the next cycle of self-administration. Results: Findings indicate similar behavioural disturbances on the five-choice task in cocaine- and heroin-withdrawn rats with significantly impaired attentional accuracy, increased omissions and slower latencies to respond correctly during the early, but not late, withdrawal period. The self-administration of either drug was not associated with significant alterations in impulsive actions, and there was no evidence of persistent alterations in visual attentional performance. However, unlike rats self-administering cocaine, the motivation to collect food reward on the 5-CSRTT was significantly reduced in heroin-withdrawn animals for a period of at least 6 weeks. Conclusions: These data, together with recent findings of attentional dysfunction during the withdrawal of intravenous self-administration of amphetamine, suggest that generically different drugs of abuse produce similar disturbances in visual attentional performance during the early withdrawal period.
引用
收藏
页码:579 / 587
页数:9
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