Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode as a Sensor for the Determination of Raloxifene Hydrochloride

A novel multi-walled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNT-GCE) was fabricated and used as a voltammetric sensor for the determination of raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX). The oxidation and reduction peak currents of RLX were found to increase significantly and the peak potential was shifted negatively at the MWCNT-GCE compared to that at bare GCE. The results indicated that the nano-structured electrode of MWCNT exhibited excellent enhancement effects and electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of RLX. The effects of various experimental parameters on voltammetric responses of RLX have been investigated. Based on these results, the probable reaction mechanism has been proposed. The oxidation peak current was found to be proportional to the concentration of RLX in the range of 8 x 10(-9) 1 x 10(-6) M. The limit of detection was calculated to be 2.13 nM. The applicability of the proposed method was examined by analyzing RLX in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.