Characteristic changes in estradiol and leptin levels in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage induced cerebral-cardiac syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristic changes in serum estradiol and leptin levels in patients with cerebral-cardiac syndrome (CCS) induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-six female patients with early stage of SAH (within 48 h of onset), who were admitted in our department between February 2008 and February 2014, were included in this study. Clinical conditions of patients were rated using Hunt-Hess scale. Serum levels of estradiol, leptin and echocardiography were determined in patients with various neurological injuries as well as in post-SAH patients and patients with SAH-induced CCS. RESULTS: No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the levels of estradiol or leptin between patients with different Hunt-Hess grades. While serum levels of estradiol and leptin were significantly elevated in SAH and CCS patients compared to normal controls (p < 0.05) but the elevated levels were more profound in CCS patients. Meanwhile there were also variable extents of left ventricular expansion and decrease of ejection fraction in CCS patients, with the same trends of estradiol and leptin. CONCLUSIONS: Thus the results show that a significant increase in estradiol and leptin levels occurred in post-SAH CCS patients.