The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets

被引：56

作者：

Arridge, C. S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Achilleos, N. ^{[2
,3
]}

Agarwal, J. ^{[4
]}

Agnor, C. B. ^{[5
]}

Ambrosi, R. ^{[6
]}

Andre, N. ^{[7
]}

Badman, S. V. ^{[8
,9
]}

Baines, K. ^{[10
,11
]}

Banfield, D. ^{[12
]}

Barthelemy, M. ^{[13
,70
]}

Bisi, M. M. ^{[14
]}

Blum, J. ^{[15
]}

Bocanegra-Bahamon, T. ^{[16
]}

Bonfond, B. . ^{[17
]}

Bracken, C. ^{[18
]}

Brandt, P. ^{[19
]}

Briand, C. ^{[20
]}

Briois, C. ^{[21
]}

Brooks, S. ^{[10
]}

Castillo-Rogez, J. ^{[10
]}

Cavalie, T. ^{[22
]}

Christophe, B. ^{[23
]}

Coates, A. J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Collinson, G. ^{[24
]}

Cooper, J. F. ^{[24
]}

Costa-Sitja, M. ^{[25
]}

Courtin, R. ^{[20
]}

Daglis, I. A. ^{[26
]}

De Pater, I. ^{[27
]}

Desai, M. ^{[28
]}

Dirkx, D. ^{[16
]}

Dougherty, M. K. ^{[29
]}

Ebert, R. W. ^{[28
]}

Filacchione, G. ^{[30
]}

Fletcher, L. N. ^{[31
]}

Fortney, J. ^{[32
]}

Gerth, I. ^{[16
]}

Grassi, D. ^{[30
]}

Grodent, D. ^{[17
]}

Grun, E. ^{[33
,34
]}

Gustin, J. ^{[17
]}

Hedman, M. ^{[35
]}

Helled, R. ^{[36
]}

Henri, P. ^{[21
]}

Hess, S. ^{[37
]}

Hillier, J. K. ^{[38
]}

Hofstadter, M. H. ^{[10
]}

Holme, R. ^{[39
]}

Horanyi, M. ^{[34
]}

Hospodarsky, G. ^{[40
]}

机构：

[1] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, London WC1E 6BT, England

[2] UCL Birkbeck, Ctr Planetary Sci, London, England

[3] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England

[4] European Space Agcy, ESTEC, F-75738 Paris 15, France

[5] Queen Mary Univ London, London, England

[6] Univ Leicester, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England

[7] IRAP, Toulouse, France

[8] ISAS, JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

[9] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England

[10] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Washington, DC USA

[11] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[12] Cornell, Ithaca, NY USA

[13] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[14] STFC, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton, England

[15] Tech Univ, Braunschweig, Germany

[16] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands

[17] Univ Liege, B-4000 Liege, Belgium

[18] Natl Univ Ireland, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland

[19] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[20] Observ Paris, LESIA, F-75014 Paris, France

[21] Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPC2E, Orleans, France

[22] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Gottingen, Germany

[23] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Chatillon, France

[24] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC USA

[25] European Space Agcy, ESAC, F-75738 Paris 15, France

[26] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-10679 Athens, Greece

[27] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[28] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA

[29] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England

[30] INAF IAPS, Ist Astrofts & Planetol Spaziali, Rome, Italy

[31] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England

[32] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[33] Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, Heidelberg, Germany

[34] Univ Colorado, LASP, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[35] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA

[36] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel

[37] LATMOS, Paris, France

[38] Heidelberg Univ, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany

[39] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England

[40] Univ Iowa, Ames, IA USA

[41] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England

[42] Royal Observ Belgium, Brussels, Belgium

[43] Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

[44] Univ Bundeswehr, Munich, Germany

[45] UTesat Spacecom GmbH, Backnang, Germany

[46] Univ Lille 1, UPMC, CNRS, IMCCE Observ Paris,UMR 8028, F-75014 Paris, France

[47] Inst Phys Globe Paris, F-75251 Paris, France

[48] Univ Vienna, A-1010 Vienna, Austria

[49] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-1010 Vienna, Austria

[50] Natl Univ Ireland, Space Technol Ireland, Cork, Ireland

来源：

PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE | 2014年 / 104卷

关键词：

Uranus; Magnetosphere; Atmosphere; Natural satellites; Rings; Planetary interior; IRREGULAR SATELLITES SYCORAX; URANIAN SATELLITES; SUBSURFACE OCEANS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RINGS; MAGNETOSPHERE; NEPTUNE; IONOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; MIRANDA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.pss.2014.08.009

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Giant planets helped to shape the conditions we see in the Solar System today and they account for more than 99% of the mass of the Sun's planetary system. They can be subdivided into the Ice Giants (Uranus and Neptune) and the Gas Giants (Jupiter and Saturn), which differ from each other in a number of fundamental ways. Uranus, in particular is the most challenging to our understanding of planetary formation and evolution, with its large obliquity, low self-luminosity, highly asymmetrical internal field, and puzzling internal structure. Uranus also has a rich planetary system consisting of a system of inner natural satellites and complex ring system, five major natural icy satellites, a system of irregular moons with varied dynamical histories, and a highly asymmetrical magnetosphere. Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to have explored Uranus, with a flyby in 1986, and no mission is currently planned to this enigmatic system. However, a mission to the uranian system would open a new window on the origin and evolution of the Solar System and would provide crucial information on a wide variety of physicochemical processes in our Solar System. These have clear implications for understanding exoplanetary systems. In this paper we describe the science case for an orbital mission to Uranus with an atmospheric entry probe to sample the composition and atmospheric physics in Uranus' atmosphere. The characteristics of such an orbiter and a strawman scientific payload are described and we discuss the technical challenges for such a mission. This paper is based on a white paper submitted to the European Space Agency's call for science themes for its large-class mission programme in 2013. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

引用

页码：122 / 140

页数：19

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