A new traveling-wave-based protection algorithm based on intelligent systems

The current study proposed a novel Traveling Wave (TW)-based protection algorithm for power transmission lines using intelligent systems. This algorithm is composed of two parts: the first part of the algorithm distinguishes the internal faults from the external ones, and the other one classifies the fault types and determines the faulted phases. In this research, first, Teager Energy Operator (TEO) was employed to extract TW signals and then, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was utilized to distinguish the internal faults from the external ones according to the output of TEO. Of note, classification of the fault types and selection of the faulted phases are two important tasks in protection algorithms. In this regard, this study presented a very accurate and robust classification algorithm based on fuzzy systems. This algorithm took into account different ratios of the modal components of the faulted current signal as the input variable of fuzzy systems. The test system was then simulated in PSCAD software and the algorithm was applied in MATLAB. Testing the proposed algorithm with a large number of test signals under different fault conditions confirmed the robustness of both algorithms in terms of internal fault and fault type classifications. (C) 2022 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.