Wood density and stocks of coarse woody debris in a northwestern Amazonian landscape

Coarse woody debris (CWD) is a rarely studied component of the carbon cycle. We report the first measurements of both CWD wood density and necromass in humid, lowland northwestern Amazonia, using both line-intersect and plot-based methods. Average CWD densities were not significantly different between clay-rich and white sand unflooded forests, but lower in floodplain forest (p <= 0.001). Necromass of CWD lying on the ground was also lower in the floodplain (10.3 +/- 6.1 Mg.ha(-1), mean +/- 1 SE) than in the clay-rich (30.9 +/- 5.4) and white sand (45.8 +/- 7.3) forests (p <= 0.001, using the line-intersect method). These patterns are likely driven by disturbance history, species composition, and decomposition rates. Plot-based data showed that standing and fallen CWD together accounted for 6.4%-15.4% of total coarse aboveground vegetative mass (trees >= 10 cm diameter). Across humid, lowland neotropical forests, we show that wood densities of intact and partially decayed CWD are significantly related with live wood density at the same site (p = 0.026 and 0.003, respectively). We show that these relationships can be applied generally to estimate CWD wood density for humid, lowland neotropical forests wherever destructive sampling is not possible.