Safety of intravenous iodinated contrast medium injection in rabbits undergoing conscious computed tomography

Background Contrast media in CT is widely used in dogs and cats to provide superior tissue delineation and increase the diagnostic capabilities. These contrast-enhanced imaging techniques are gaining popularity in rabbits; published studies reporting the safety of doing so are lacking. Methods This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the incidence of adverse events following the intravenous administration of iodinated non-ionic contrast medium in 350 rabbits. The medical records of this subset of rabbits admitted between January 2009 and November 2018, that underwent CT examination and received intravenous contrast media, were evaluated. Results From the 350 rabbits, 342 rabbits were still alive 7 days after the scan. A total of eight rabbits died within 7 days of the scan, seven of which within the first 24 h. All deaths were presumed to be sequelae to the diseases they were being investigated for and not thought to be related to the administration of intravenous contrast medium. Conclusions The results indicated that the use of intravenous non-iodinated contrast medium was well tolerated and safe in rabbits undergoing conscious CT examination.