Chemical composition of free tropospheric aerosol for PM1 and coarse mode at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch

被引:103
作者
Cozic, J. [1 ]
Verheggen, B. [1 ]
Weingartner, E. [1 ]
Crosier, J. [2 ]
Bower, K. N. [2 ]
Flynn, M. [2 ]
Coe, H. [2 ]
Henning, S. [3 ]
Steinbacher, M. [4 ]
Henne, S. [4 ]
Coen, M. Collaud [5 ]
Petzold, A. [6 ]
Baltensperger, U. [1 ]
机构
[1] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
[2] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
[3] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
[4] Lab Air Pollut Environm Technol, Empa, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
[5] MeteoSwiss, Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol, CH-1530 Payerne, Switzerland
[6] German Aerosp Ctr, Inst Atmospher Phys, D-82234 Wessling, Germany
关键词
D O I
10.5194/acp-8-407-2008
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The chemical composition of submicron (fine mode) and supermicron (coarse mode) aerosol particles has been investigated at the Jungfraujoch high alpine research station (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) as part of the GAW aerosol monitoring program since 1999. A clear seasonality was observed for all major components throughout the period with low concentrations in winter (predominantly free tropospheric aerosol) and higher concentrations in summer (enhanced vertical transport of boundary layer pollutants). In addition, mass closure was attempted during intensive campaigns in March 2004, February-March 2005 and August 2005. Ionic, carbonaceous and non-refractory components of the aerosol were quantified as well as the PM1 and coarse mode total aerosol mass concentrations. A relatively low conversion factor of 1.8 for organic carbon (OC) to particulate organic matter (OM) was found in winter (February-March 2005). Organics, sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate were the major components of the fine aerosol fraction that were identified, while calcium and nitrate were the only two measured components contributing to the coarse mode. The aerosol mass concentrations for fine and coarse mode aerosol measured during the intensive campaigns were not typical of the long-term seasonality due largely to dynamical differences. Average fine and coarse mode concentrations during the intensive field campaigns were 1.7 mu g m(-3) and 2.4 mu g m(-3) in winter and 2.5 mu g m(-3) and 2.0 mu g m(-3) in summer, respectively. The mass balance of aerosols showed higher contributions of calcium and nitrate in the coarse mode during Saharan dust events (SDE) than without SDE.
引用
收藏
页码:407 / 423
页数:17
相关论文
共 68 条
  • [1] Iron oxides and light absorption by pure desert dust:: An experimental study -: art. no. D08208
    Alfaro, SC
    Lafon, S
    Rajot, JL
    Formenti, P
    Gaudichet, A
    Maillé, M
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2004, 109 (D8) : D082081 - 9
  • [2] Quantitative sampling using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer - 2. Measurements of fine particulate chemical composition in two U.K. cities
    Allan, JD
    Alfarra, MR
    Bower, KN
    Williams, PI
    Gallagher, MW
    Jimenez, JL
    McDonald, AG
    Nemitz, E
    Canagaratna, MR
    Jayne, JT
    Coe, H
    Worsnop, DR
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2003, 108 (D3)
  • [3] Comment on regression analysis of air quality data
    Ayers, GP
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2001, 35 (13) : 2423 - 2425
  • [4] Validation of a semi-continuous instrument for elemental carbon and organic carbon using a thermal-optical method
    Bae, MS
    Schauer, JJ
    DeMinter, JT
    Turner, JR
    Smith, D
    Cary, RA
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2004, 38 (18) : 2885 - 2893
  • [5] CONTINUOUS BACKGROUND AEROSOL MONITORING WITH THE EPIPHANIOMETER
    BALTENSPERGER, U
    GAGGELER, HW
    JOST, DT
    EMMENEGGER, M
    NAGELI, W
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS, 1991, 25 (3-4): : 629 - 634
  • [6] Scavenging of atmospheric constituents in mixed phase clouds at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch part I: Basic concept and aerosol scavenging by clouds
    Baltensperger, U
    Schwikowski, M
    Jost, DT
    Nyeki, S
    Gaggeler, HW
    Poulida, O
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1998, 32 (23) : 3975 - 3983
  • [7] Aerosol climatology at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland
    Baltensperger, U
    Gaggeler, HW
    Jost, DT
    Lugauer, M
    Schwikowski, M
    Weingartner, E
    Seibert, P
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1997, 102 (D16) : 19707 - 19715
  • [8] BALTENSPERGER U, 2001, DYNAMIC MASS SURFACE
  • [9] Model of tropospheric ion composition: A first attempt
    Beig, G
    Brasseur, GP
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2000, 105 (D18) : 22671 - 22684
  • [10] Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust
    Birch, ME
    Cary, RA
    [J]. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 1996, 25 (03) : 221 - 241